If you’re experiencing pain that starts in your lower back and travels down one leg, you may be dealing with a condition known as sciatica. This type of discomfort can result from pressure or irritation of the sciatic nerve, often due to factors such as a herniated disc or prolonged sitting. Sciatica can vary in intensity and may affect your ability to move comfortably. Physiotherapists are trained to assess and manage symptoms related to sciatica through individualized treatment plans aimed at improving mobility and reducing discomfort. In this blog, we’ll explore common causes of sciatica, its symptoms, and how physiotherapy may support your recovery.
Common Causes of Sciatica
Herniated Disc (Slipped Disc)
Between the bones in your spine are spft cushions called discs. Sometimes, one of these discs can buldge or slip out of place and press on the sciatic nerve. This is one of the most common causes of sciatica.
Spinal Stenosis
As we get older, the space inside the spine can get narrower. This is called spinal stenosis. When that space shrinks, it can squeeze the nerves, including the sciatic nerve, leading to pain and numbness in the leg.
Muslce Tightness (Especially the Piriformis Muscle)
The piriformis is a small muslce deep in your buttock. If it gets too tight or spasms, it can press against the sciatic nerve. This is sometimes called Piriformis Syndrome.
Poor Posture or Sitting Too Long
Spending a lot of time sitting, especially with poor posture- can put stress on your lower back and irritate the sciatic nerve. Long hours at a desk or in a car can contribute to this.
Injury or Trauma
Falls, car accidents, or sport injuries can sometimes damage parts of the spine or surronding muscles and put pressure on the sciatic nerve.
Pregnancy
During pregnancy, changes in posture and increased pressure on the spine can sometimes lead to sciatica symptoms.
Common Symptoms of Sciatica
Sciatica can feel different from person to person, but the symptoms usually affect one side of the lower body, starting in the lower back or buttock and running down the leg. Here are the most common signs to watch for.
Pain That Travels Down the Leg
The most noticeable symptom is pain that starts in the lower back or buttock and moves down the back of the leg. It can go as far as the foot or toes.
Sharp, Burning or Shooting Pain
The pain might feels sharp, like an electric shock, or burning and intense. It can get worse when you cough, sneeze or sit for long periods.
Tingling or "Pins and Needles"
You might feel a tingling or prickling feeling in your leg, similar to when your foot "falls asleep".
Numbness
Some people experience numbness in parts of the leg and foot, often along with pain and tingling.
Muscle Weakness
In some cases, the leg or foot may feel weak, making it harder to walk, stand, or move usual.
How Physiotherapy Can Help with Sciatica
If you are dealing with sciatica, physiotherapy can play a role in your recovery. A physiotherapist doesn't just treat the symptoms, they work to find the root cause of the problem and create a plan that's tailored to you.
Personlized Assessment
Your physiotherapist will will start with a thorough assessment to understand what's causing your sciatica. This may include questions about your symptoms, movement tests, and checking how your spine, muscles, and nerves are working.
Pain Relief Techniques
To help ease pain, your physio may use techniques like manual therapy, gentle stretches, heat or ice, or tools like TENS machines. These can help the irritated nerve and reduce inflammation.
Targeted Exercises
Once your pain starts to settle, specific exercises can help strengthen your back, hips, and corse muscles. These exercises are designed to support your spine, improve posture, and take pressure off the sciatic nerve.
Posture and Movement Advice
Your physiotherapist can teach you how to sit, stand, and move in ways that protect your back and avoid further irritation. This is especially helpful if your symptoms are made worse by long periods of sitting or certain daily actvities.
Education and Prevention
One of the most important parts of physiotherapy is learning how to prevent sciatica from coming back. Your physio will give you tools, habits, and exercises you can do.
Sciatica can be painful and frustrating, but the good news is that help is available. Understanding what’s causing your symptoms is the first step toward feeling better. Physiotherapy offers a safe and effective way to manage pain, improve movement, and prevent future flare-ups. If you think you might have sciatica, a physiotherapist can work with you to create a treatment plan that fits your needs and helps you get back to doing the things you enjoy.
Roni El-Haddad
Contact Me
